PoliticsPolitical ThoughtWestern Political Thought

Western Political Thought

From the classical city-state to the postmodern critique of power, the major thinkers who shaped Western political theory.

Plato
428 - 348 BCE

Philosopher of the Ideal State

Aristotle
384 - 322 BCE

The Father of Political Science

Machiavelli
1469 - 1527

The Realist of Power

Hobbes
1588 - 1679

Theorist of the Sovereign Leviathan

Locke
1632 - 1704

Father of Classical Liberalism

Montesquieu
1689 - 1755

Theorist of the Separation of Powers

Rousseau
1712 - 1778

Philosopher of the General Will

Bentham
1748 - 1832

Founder of Utilitarianism

Hegel
1770 - 1831

Philosopher of the Dialectic and the State

Mill
1806 - 1873

Theorist of Liberty and Utility

Marx
1818 - 1883

Theorist of Class Struggle

Lenin
1870 - 1924

Theorist of Revolutionary Vanguard

Gramsci
1891 - 1937

Theorist of Cultural Hegemony

Foucault
1926 - 1984

Theorist of Power and Discourse

Fukuyama
1952 - present

Theorist of the End of History